Mary and Henry's first child was Jennie Louise (born March 1855), then Carrie (born June 1858 and named after Henry Flagler's older half-sister, Caroline), then finally, Harry Flagler (born December 1870). Jul 1, 2020 - Explore Patricia Cipolla's board "Henry Flagler" on Pinterest. They had 3 children: Maud Aiken and 2 other children. The Standard Guide to St. Augustine. "[63], Miami's main east-west street is named Flagler Street and is the main shopping street in Downtown Miami. Perhaps those years after the Civil War were what imbued Flagler with his infamously shrewd business practices. By 1849, Flagler was promoted to the sales staff at a salary of $40 per month. [43], When Flagler's first wife Mary (ne Harkness) fell sick, his physician recommended they travel to Jacksonville for the winter to escape the brutal conditions of the North. [32] More threatening to Standard's power was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, originally used to control unions, but later central to the breakup of the Standard Oil trust. After his first wife's death, Flagler developed a . In 1897, Flagler opened the Royal Palm Hotel on the north bank of the Miami River, overlooking Biscayne Bay. First, Dr. Anderson worked through the bureaucracy to get Flagler approval to fill in the marshland that was west of the original town plan. Henry Flalger entombed on the right Jennie Louise is currently entombed inside of the church with her infant daughter, Majorie, in her arms. The railroads were fighting fiercely for traffic and, in an attempt to create a cartel to control freight rates, formed the South Improvement Company in collusion with Standard and other oil men outside the main oil centers. Ida Alice Shourds became Ida Alice Shourds Flagler in June of 1883 and moved into the Flagler family home the day after their wedding. It was in the late 1850s that Flagler met John D. Rockefeller who was working for a Cleveland grain broker and traveled the hinterlands in search of business. Flagler was eighteen years older than his 35-year-old bride. Anderson owned a large tract of orange groves west of the Governor's House along King Street the main thoroughfare of St. Augustine and wanted to sell it to Flagler. Middle child Carrie died just before Christmas in the same year that Henry's mother died (1861). Henry Flagler had realized his dream and slipped quietly from this world at his ocean cottage 'Nautalis' on May 20, 1913, in Palm Beach, Florida. [9], By 1869, there was three times more kerosene refining capacity than needed to supply the market, and the capacity remained in excess for many years. Over the course of her marriage to Henry Flagler, Ida Alice Shourds is reported to have begun displaying unstable behavior she was rumored to have a temper, and her fondness for lavish parties and attention did not go unnoticed by Gilded Age Society. By 1896, Flagler's railroad, the Florida East Coast Railway, reached Biscayne Bay. He was connected with government officials and industry elites. Ida Alice (ne Shourds) Flagler had been a caregiver for Mary. The company collapsed when the war undercut commercial demand for salt. Their only son was born in 1870. [citation needed], The Overseas Railroad, also known as the Key West Extension of the Florida East Coast Railway, was heavily damaged and partially destroyed in the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935. He planned to build a hotel on that land, one that gave Northern tourists a fine place to spend their money. Struck by the tragic loss of his eldest daughter and first granddaughter, Henry Flagler sought solace in his business projects and the council of friends like Dr. Andrew Anderson. '"[42] Flagler served as an active part of Standard Oil until 1882, when he stepped back to take a secondary role at Standard Oil. Flagler went on to build the Memorial Presbyterian Church for Jennie and her baby daughter Margery in St. Augustine. His lifelong interest was in music and its promotion, primarily in New York City. Day 2 - Flagler Legacy Tour - Flagler's Churches - St. Augustine Distillery - Dinner at Ice Plant Bar This morning after breakfast, meet your local guide for a Flagler Legacy Tour. [citation needed], By the end of the American Civil War, Cleveland was one of the five main refining centers in the U.S. (besides Pittsburgh, New York City, Philadelphia, and the region in northwestern Pennsylvania where most of the oil originated). May 17, 2018. While the younger Flagler wanted to pursue a career in music, Henry hardly thought that was appropriate for his only son and heir. [46], Realizing the need for a sound transportation system to support his hotel ventures, Flagler purchased short line railroads in what would later become known as the Florida East Coast Railway. He was even given permission to use the coquina quarry on Anastasia Island to source materials for his state-of-the-art hotels. The mausoleum adjacent to the church is where Flagler, his daughter, granddaughter and first wife are buried. Two years later, Flagler built the Palm Beach Inn (renamed The Breakers in 1901), overlooking the Atlantic Ocean in Palm Beach. Dr. Shelton had attended Flagler's daughter Jennie Benedict when she died from complications after childbirth in 1889. One of the grain brokers [8] By 1872, it led the American oil refining industry, producing 10,000 barrels per day (1,600m3/d). His parents were very poor and struggled to feed their family. [26] Its share of world oil refining topped out above 90% but slowly dropped to about 80% for the rest of the century. St. Augustine, Florida Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May 20, 1913) was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil. In June 1870, Flagler and Rockefeller formed Standard Oil of Ohio, which rapidly became the most profitable refiner in Ohio. Mendez, Jesus. Standard Oil also had the highest capitalization, totaling $26,000,000 (equivalent to $784million in 2021). In an overall calculation of America's oil refineries' assets and capital, Standard Oil surpassed all. Harry Flagler was the only of Henry Flagler's children who outlived their father. To get a more in-depth narrative of the life of that building complex, visit The Ponce de Leon Hotel's Historical Place profile on our website. APA: VisitStAugustine.com. Throughout it all, Mary was made to brave her condition without her husband, who had taken to staying at the Buckingham Hotel in New York, completely immersed in the business of Standard Oil. McGuire & McDonald were in charge of construction. The family being of moderate means, Henry struck out from New York to Republic, Ohio in 1844. He is known as the father of Miami, Florida and also founded Palm Beach, Florida. Standiford, Les. Pratt's son, Charles Millard Pratt, became Secretary of Standard Oil. The future "founder" of Florida found St. Augustine to be dirty, depressing, and worst of all boring. At least, not yet. Harry and Annie's daughter Jean Louise Flagler made Palm Beach a large part of her life. My 4th great-grandmother, Elizabeth Howes, married (1) William Jones (my ancestor) and (2nd) Colonel Henry Ostrom, of Pleasant Valley & Patterson, Dutchess County, NY. Ralph, Julian. George Matthews, great-grandson of Henry Morrison Flagler, has served as the Flagler Museum's president for the past 42 years. Henry Flagler passed away May 20, 1913, and the construction of the "Over-Sea" road served as an example of his substantial impact on the state. Who was Henry Flagler? However there were many reports harsh working conditions and forced indebtedness to the company, and malfeasance by labor agents who hired men for the railway. "[40], By 1892, Standard Oil had a monopoly over all oil refineries in the United States. As Henry's businesses prospered, they moved to New York City. The judge instructed the jury to find them not guilty because the "prosecution had failed to prove 'an agreement of minds with evil intent to conspire'. See more ideas about flagler, key west, florida. "I never had an animus against their size and wealth, never objected to their corporate form. Many people were curious about Henry Flagler's decision to launch a new business venture during his twilight years. He even owned newspapers in Florida. [citation needed], Flagler's third wife, Mary Lily Kenan Flagler Bingham was born in North Carolina. First A Little On Henry Flagler. Now, imagine two hundred-plus years have passed. . According to Florida historian Thomas Graham in his book The Awakening of St. Augustine, an acquaintance of the businessman once inquired about whether his judgment was sound when he decided to invest in Florida (one can imagine that they may not have been acquaintances for very long afterward). University Press of Florida. (However, when Harry Flagler was asked about this later, he denied that Ida Alice had ever been his mother's nurse.). Dr. Shelton had attended Flagler's daughter Jennie Benedict when she died from complications after childbirth in 1889. However, Smith had fallen on some hard times and sold the hotel to Henry Flagler not long after it opened in 1888. "[56], A congressional investigation in 1909 concluded that "there had been little immigrant peonage in the South and none in the [railway camps] camps in the Keys. [36] The court ruled that the trust originated in illegal monopoly practices and ordered it to be broken up into 34 new companies. PROLOGUE: In 1844, Henry Flagler dropped out of school. IT HAD BEGUN 26 YEARS EARLIER, IN 1891, when Henry Morrison Flagler, the uncrowned "king" of Florida, who had made a vast fortune as a founding partner of Standard Oil of Ohio, met Mary Lily Kenan . The Alcazar Hotel and Casa Monica Hotel have their own fascinating histories. Flagler originally intended West Palm Beach to be the terminus of his railroad system, but in 1894 and 1895, severe freezes hit the area, causing Flagler to reconsider. Together, the boys worked in the Harkness store for several years, where Henry eventually became a part of their sales staff. They had two daughters, Jennie Louise and Carrie. [citation needed], One of the most effective attacks on Flagler and Rockefeller and their firm was the 1905 publication of The History of the Standard Oil Company, by Ida Tarbell, a leading muckraker. Henry married Nancy Flagler in month 1861, at age 25 at marriage place, Michigan. When son Harry Harkness Flagler was born in December of 1870, Mary's frail health was greatly weakened by giving birth. [11] The cartel received preferential treatment as a high-volume shipper, which included not just steep rebates of up to 50% for their product but also rebates for the shipment of competing products. Two years later, he expanded his Florida holdings. A Second Wife and a Second Career. To further convince Flagler to continue the railroad to Miami, he was offered land in exchange for laying rail tracks from private landowners, the Florida East Coast Canal and Transportation Company, and the Boston and Florida Atlantic Coast Land Company. Congress concluded that newspapers in Florida and across the South spread the deceitful news against Flagler. By then the trust still had a 70% market share of the refined oil market but only 14% of the U.S. crude oil supply. Flagler completed the 1,100-room Royal Poinciana Hotel on the shores of Lake Worth in Palm Beach and extended his railroad to its service town, West Palm Beach, by 1894, founding Palm Beach and West Palm Beach. 'S decision to launch a New business venture during his twilight years the company collapsed when War... Being of moderate means, Henry struck out from New York City the! Land, one that gave Northern tourists a fine place to spend their money the South spread the news... 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